ASP.NET操作Oracle知识记录（采用ODP.NET）

发布日期：2014-03-08 21:24:57

1:连接Oracle配置内容

  <appSettings>
    <!--<add key="OracleConString" value="Data Source=(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.12.15)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = Orcl)));User Id=wujy;Password=123456" />-->
    <add key="OracleConString" value="user id=wujy;password=123456;data source=192.168.12.15:1521/Orcl" />
  </appSettings>

2:对Oracle进行增删改

(1)：增加操作

      public bool Create(LogInfoModel model)
        {
            StringBuilder strSql = new StringBuilder();
            strSql.Append("insert into LOGINFO(");
            strSql.Append(" ID,LOGSOURCE,LOGTYPE,LOGCONTENT,OPERATER,CREATEDATE,ISDELETE");
            strSql.Append(") values (");
            strSql.Append(" :ID,:LOGSOURCE,:LOGTYPE,:LOGCONTENT,:OPERATER,:CREATEDATE,:ISDELETE");
            strSql.Append(") ");
            OracleParameter[] parameters = { new OracleParameter(":ID",  model.ID), new OracleParameter(":LOGSOURCE",  model.LOGSOURCE), new OracleParameter(":LOGTYPE",  model.LOGTYPE), new OracleParameter(":LOGCONTENT",  model.LOGCONTENT), new OracleParameter(":OPERATER",  model.OPERATER), new OracleParameter(":CREATEDATE",  model.CREATEDATE), new OracleParameter(":ISDELETE",  model.ISDELETE),           
                }; return OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, strSql.ToString(), parameters) > 0;
        }

(2)：更新操作

        public bool Update(LogInfoModel model)
        {
            StringBuilder strSql = new StringBuilder();
            strSql.Append("update LOGINFO set ");
            strSql.Append(" ID = :ID , ");
            strSql.Append(" LOGSOURCE = :LOGSOURCE , ");
            strSql.Append(" LOGTYPE = :LOGTYPE , ");
            strSql.Append(" LOGCONTENT = :LOGCONTENT , ");
            strSql.Append(" OPERATER = :OPERATER , ");
            strSql.Append(" ISDELETE = :ISDELETE ");
            strSql.Append(" where ID=:ID ");
            OracleParameter[] parameters = { new OracleParameter(":ID",  model.ID), new OracleParameter(":LOGSOURCE",  model.LOGSOURCE), new OracleParameter(":LOGTYPE",  model.LOGTYPE), new OracleParameter(":LOGCONTENT",  model.LOGCONTENT), new OracleParameter(":OPERATER",  model.OPERATER), new OracleParameter(":ISDELETE",  model.ISDELETE),           
            }; return OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, strSql.ToString(), parameters) > 0;
        }

注意：Oracle更新要是用OracleParameter参数形式时要把条件也进行更新，否则会失败；这个跟MSSQL是不一样的；或者可以换另外一种写法：

        public bool Update(LogInfoModel model)
        { string strSql = string.Format("update LOGINFO set LOGSOURCE = :LOGSOURCE ,LOGTYPE = :LOGTYPE ,LOGCONTENT = :LOGCONTENT ,OPERATER = :OPERATER ,ISDELETE = :ISDELETE where ID='{0}'", model.ID);
            OracleParameter[] parameters = { new OracleParameter(":LOGSOURCE",  model.LOGSOURCE), new OracleParameter(":LOGTYPE",  model.LOGTYPE), new OracleParameter(":LOGCONTENT",  model.LOGCONTENT), new OracleParameter(":OPERATER",  model.OPERATER), new OracleParameter(":ISDELETE",  model.ISDELETE),           
            }; return OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, strSql, parameters) > 0;
        }

(3)：删除操作

        public bool Delete(string ID)
        { string sql = "delete  from LOGINFO where ID=:ID";
            OracleParameter[] parm = { new OracleParameter(":ID", ID) }; return OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, sql, parm) > 0;
        }

(4)：查找操作

        public List<LogInfoModel> GetListForwhere(string strWhere)
        { string sql = string.Empty; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(strWhere))
            {
                sql = "select * from LOGINFO";
            } else {
                sql = "select *  from LOGINFO where " + strWhere + "";
            }
            DataTable dt = OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteDataset(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, sql).Tables[0]; return Convert(dt);
        }

3:创建自增字段

Oracle因为没有像MSSQL那么简单的创建自增字段，所以必需通过SQL脚本进行设置（先创建序列再创建触发器），实例如下：

(1)创建表

Create  table  t_user(
Id number(6),userid varchar2(20)
);

(2)创建序列

create sequence user_seq
increment by 1 start with 1 nomaxvalue
nominvalue
nocache

(3)创建触发器

create or  replace trigger tr_user
before insert on t_popedom_user for each row
begin select user_seq.nextval into :new.id from dual;
end;

4:使用存储过程进行分页:

(1):首先在Oracle新建一个存储过程,脚本如下(此脚本源于网络):

create or replace package p_page is TYPE type_cur IS REF CURSOR; --定义游标变量用于返回记录集

  PROCEDURE Pagination(Pindex in number, --分页索引
                       Psql in varchar2, --产生dataset的sql语句
                       Psize in number, --页面大小
                       Pcount out number, --返回分页总数
                       Prcount out number,--返回总条数
                       v_cur out type_cur --返回当前页数据记录
                       );
end p_page; / create or replace package body p_page is PROCEDURE Pagination(
  Pindex in number,
  Psql in varchar2,
  Psize in number,
  Pcount out number,
  Prcount out number,
  v_cur out type_cur
 )
 AS

  v_sql VARCHAR2(1000);
  v_count number;
  v_Plow number;
  v_Phei number;
  v_prcount number;
  
 Begin ------------------------------------------------------------取分页总数
  v_sql := 'select count(*) from (' || Psql || ')';
  execute immediate v_sql into v_count;
  Pcount := ceil(v_count/Psize); ------------------------------------------------------------显示总条数
  v_sql := 'select count(*) from (' || Psql || ')';
   execute immediate v_sql into v_prcount;
   Prcount := v_prcount;                  --返回记录总数 ------------------------------------------------------------显示任意页内容
  v_Phei := Pindex * Psize + Psize;
  v_Plow := v_Phei - Psize + 1; --Psql := 'select rownum rn,t.* from zzda t' ;            --要求必须包含rownum字段
  v_sql := 'select * from (' || Psql || ') where rn between ' || v_Plow || ' and ' || v_Phei ;

  open v_cur for v_sql;

 End Pagination; --************************************************************************************** end p_page;

(2):把分页进行简单封装,返回DataTable

 /// <summary> /// 内容描述：使用存储过程，查询分页后的数据。 /// </summary> /// <param name="strConStr">连接oracle数据库字符串</param> /// <param name="strSql">查询sql语句(要求必须包含rownum字段,别名是rn 如:select rownum rn,ID from TableName)</param> /// <param name="curPage">当前显示页数</param> /// <param name="strPageSize">每页条数</param> /// <param name="strCount">返回分页数</param> /// <param name="strRowCount">返回记录数</param> /// <returns>分页结果数据集</returns> public static DataTable getDataTable(string strConStr, string strSql, int curPage, string strPageSize, out string strCount, out string strRowCount)
        {
            DataTable dt = new DataTable();
            OracleParameter[] parameters = { new OracleParameter("Pindex",curPage-1), new OracleParameter("Psql",strSql), new OracleParameter("Psize",strPageSize), new OracleParameter("Pcount",OracleDbType.Int32), new OracleParameter("Prcount",OracleDbType.Int32), new OracleParameter("v_cur",OracleDbType.RefCursor),
                                           };
            parameters[3].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
            parameters[4].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
            parameters[5].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
            dt = OracleHelper.ExecuteDataset(strConStr, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "p_page.Pagination", parameters).Tables[0];
            strCount = parameters[3].Value.ToString();
            strRowCount = parameters[4].Value.ToString(); return dt;
        } /// <summary> /// 内容描述：使用存储过程，查询分页后的数据。 /// </summary> /// <param name="strConStr">连接oracle数据库字符串</param> /// <param name="strSql">查询sql语句(要求必须包含rownum字段,别名是rn 如:select rownum rn,ID from TableName)</param> /// <param name="curPage">当前显示页数</param> /// <param name="strPageSize">每页条数</param> /// <param name="strCount">返回分页数</param> /// <param name="strRowCount">返回记录数</param> /// <param name="Strwhere">带条件 没有则为空</param> /// <returns>分页结果数据集</returns> public static DataTable getDataTable(string strConStr, string strSql, int curPage, string strPageSize, out string strCount, out string strRowCount,string Strwhere)
        { string StrSqlByWhere; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Strwhere))
            {
                StrSqlByWhere = strSql + " where " + Strwhere;
            } else {
                StrSqlByWhere = strSql;
            } return getDataTable(strConStr, StrSqlByWhere, curPage, strPageSize, out strCount, out strRowCount);
        }

(3):分页测试代码

        public static void PageGetDataSet()
        { string HangSh = "0";//行数 string YeSh = "0";//页数 string connectStr = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["OracleConString"]; string sqlStr = "select rownum rn,ID from wujy.Db_Tables";
            DataTable tb = getDataTable(connectStr, sqlStr, 1, "10", out YeSh, out HangSh);
            Console.WriteLine("总共为" + YeSh + "页" + "|每页为10条|数据总条数为" + HangSh);
            Console.WriteLine("第一页:"); for (int i = 0; i < tb.Rows.Count; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(tb.Rows[i]["ID"].ToString());
            }
        }

(4):运行效果:

5:其它常见问题：

(1):创建完Oracle后我们一般会新建一个用户来,语句如下:

create user wujy identified by admin

创建完这个用户它是没有权限的,要对它进行赋相应角色

grant connect,resource to wujy

(2):Oracle中执行SQL时,如果被操作的表不是此用户创建则要在表的前面加上其所有者,否则将会提示没有此表,wujy就是这表的所有者

delete from wujy.Db_Tables where ID=14

(3):连接Oracle一直报：ORA-12154：TNS：无法解析指定的连接标识符

这个问题是因为我电脑里面装的几个版本的oracle客户端，我把连接的语句配置在9i版本上（tnsnames），却一直用10G的Oracle Sql*Plus去连接，肯定会报错的；

若是用PL/SQL Developer去连时也会报这个错误，要在"工具"--"首选项"--"连接"--"Oracle 主目录名(自动检测为空)"选择相应的版本

(4):我们平常都是运用CodeSmithGenerator来进行代码的生成;创建Oracle连接语句如下(一些参数自行替换):

Data Source=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.12.15)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=Orcl)));User Id=system;Password=123456;

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